Lesson 10
Lesson 10
Expressing Dates and Time.
Онгу кичээл
Text A Few Practical Tips ▾
We have covered roughly half of the planned course. Your active vocabulary should now contain about 400 words and expressions. Test yourself with your word list: say the meanings of the words while covering their translations with a sheet of paper.
When you start a new lesson, always review the previous one, especially the grammar rules: each lesson builds on the grammar and vocabulary of the one before it. Remember: it is very important to keep expanding your vocabulary, and even more important not to stop halfway!
Grammar Expressing the Date ▾
Order: year + month + day
In Tuvan the order for writing a date is: year + month + day. For example: 1950 чылдың январь 2 – January 2, 1950; 1945 чылдың май 9 – May 9, 1945.
Note. Unlike Russian or English, in Tuvan the date is expressed with cardinal numbers, and the word order is the reverse of the Russian system.
Note. Unlike Russian or English, in Tuvan the date is expressed with cardinal numbers, and the word order is the reverse of the Russian system.
Grammar Telling the Time ▾
Hours first, then minutes
In Tuvan the hours are named first, then the minutes, for example: 5.20 = беш шак чээрби минут – twenty minutes past five.
From 1 to 30 minutes
Time from 1 to 30 minutes is expressed by the formula "00 шактан 00 минут ажып тур" ("past 00 hours 00 minutes"), or in short "00 шак 00 минут тур".
For example: 5.01 = 5 шактан 1 минут ажып тур (one minute past 5) = 5 шак 1 минут тур. Quarters of an hour are not used: 5.15 = 5 шактан 15 минут ажып тур.
For example: 5.01 = 5 шактан 1 минут ажып тур (one minute past 5) = 5 шак 1 минут тур. Quarters of an hour are not used: 5.15 = 5 шактан 15 минут ажып тур.
Half past and after the half hour
30 minutes of any hour is said as "00 шак 30 минут" or "00 шак чартык" (half): 11.30 = 11 шак чартык – half past eleven.
After the half hour, time can be expressed two ways: a) directly, 11.35 = 11 шак 35 минут; b) 11.35 = 12 шакка 25 минут четпейн тур – 25 minutes to 12.
After the half hour, time can be expressed two ways: a) directly, 11.35 = 11 шак 35 минут; b) 11.35 = 12 шакка 25 минут четпейн тур – 25 minutes to 12.
Vocabulary Vocabulary ▾
чыл
год
year
ай
месяц
month
хүн
день, число
day, date
ай-хүн
дата
date
шак
час, время, часы
hour, time, clock
ажып тур
(столько-то минут) после (такого-то часа)
past (the hour)
четпейн тур
без (стольких-то минут)
to / before (the hour)
чартык
половина
half
Exercises Exercises ▾
Exercise 1
Say the dates in Tuvan. Write them down and compare the word order in Tuvan and English.
2-1-1950; 4-11-1950; 26-10-1974; 17-6-1983; 24-3-1985; 8-9-1982; 20-12-1979; 14-8-1921; 31-12-1988; 12-4-1961; 11-7-1921.
2-1-1950; 4-11-1950; 26-10-1974; 17-6-1983; 24-3-1985; 8-9-1982; 20-12-1979; 14-8-1921; 31-12-1988; 12-4-1961; 11-7-1921.
Exercise 2
Say the time in Tuvan.
05.41; 17.15; 10.01; 19.00; 07.45; 12.30; 18.05; 23.33; 09.27.
05.41; 17.15; 10.01; 19.00; 07.45; 12.30; 18.05; 23.33; 09.27.